Gollum's Choice or, What is Your Precious?
Monday, December 17, 2012
–
Thomas. Merton
I
saw the Hobbit movie yesterday. Though it has its shortcomings (and
longcomings, given its length), I enjoyed it. But then, as a Tolkien and Peter Jackson
fan, I wanted to enjoy it.
I'm reposting an old sermon that explores questions of heaven and hell playing
off of one of the characters in the movie:
Smeagol
was once a hobbit-like creature. A hobbit is an imaginary creature invented by
J. R. R. Tolkien who wrote the The Hobbit
and The Lord of the Rings. Short creatures
with hairy feet, hobbits have been described as a cross between a rabbit and an
English country gentleman. One day, Smeagol and a friend were fishing in a
river. His friend fell into the water and swam or sank to the bottom of the
river where he saw a bright and shiny ring. He returned to the surface and showed
the ring to Smeagol. It happened to be Smeagol’s birthday and he asked his
friend, or rather demanded of his friend, the ring as a birthday present. The
friend refused for he had already given Smeagol his birthday present. Smeagol
strangled his friend, took the ring and put it on his finger.
It
was a magical ring. When he put it on he was invisible. But it was also a
cursed ring and it began to warp Smeagol. It warped him such that he began to
find the sun too hot and too bright. He took shelter in the caverns of a
mountain. When we first meet him in the story he is no longer known as Smeagol,
but has been warped into a strange creature called Gollum because of the odd
gulping noise he makes. When we first meet Gollum, formerly Smeagol, in the
story, he lives on a small island in the middle of a lake at the dark heart of
a mountain. There, he eats raw fish and speaks to his ring, which he calls, “My
Precious”. Isolated from all other creatures, Gollum is alone. He is alone,
that is, except for the ring – his "Precious".
I
have wondered if maybe hell is like what happened to Smeagol. God, in His fierce
mercy, gives us freedom – freedom to choose our “Precious”. And we can possess
whatever we choose to be our Precious – money, possessions, power, prestige,
pleasure, etc. – to the bitter end. And beyond. What we choose for our Precious
will either mold and shape us into something more beautiful and more human or
it will warp us into something much less, like Gollum. That molding or warping
continues beyond this life and God will allow us to continue to fall in on
ourselves and our precious forever if we choose.
Scripture
warns us that our choices have consequences and there will be judgment. In
Hebrews 12:25 there is this stark warning. “How much less will we escape if we
reject the one who warns us from heaven?” And, lest we think it’s just some
peculiarity of the exhortation to the Hebrews, in the gospels, Jesus warns as
well. In Luke 13, Jesus warns, “Strive to enter through the narrow door.”
“There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.” The warning of judgment, whether
we like it or not, (and I don’t particularly like it) is a part of Jesus’
message. And it shows up repeatedly and in each gospel. It is a mistake to try
to make Jesus less offensive by denying that judgment is part of his message.
The Jesus of the gospels warns of judgment. We ought not to ignore it or wish
it away.
It
is also a mistake, however, to take the images of hell too literally.
Christians throughout history have managed to understand that the images of
heaven in the Bible are metaphorical. Very few Christians die believing that
when they awake they will pass through literal pearly gates and walk literal
streets of gold and live in literal mansions with a cubicle for each of us. We
understand that those images are metaphors pointing to something greater than
we can imagine. But somehow Christians have not been able, usually, to see same
metaphorical interpretation of hell. We always seem to take the pictures of
hell quite literally – a literal lake of fire in which people burn in agony
forever and ever if they choose wrongly. We are familiar with those images.
Paintings and graphic descriptions have impressed them on our imaginations. The
warning is to be taken seriously, but let’s not mistake metaphorical imagery
for literal description. If the images of heaven are metaphorical, then so are
the images of hell.
A
bit of an aside: Such images of hell are not unique to Christianity. Those who
say that we should ignore the differences between religions and just get down
to that which they all have in common always intrigue me. They ignore the
problem that one thing nearly every religion has in common is hell. There are
Buddhist paintings of hell that are every bit as graphic and discomforting as
anything described by Dante or depicted by Hieronymus Bosch. Such images of
hell make God out to be a cosmic torturer.
It
is also a mistake to morbidly dwell on hell. In spite of the impression some
have given, hell is not the main point of Christianity. Too often the threat of
hell has been used to scare people in order to control them. The primary reason
for Jesus’ coming was not to scare the hell out of us. The primary reason for
Jesus’ coming was to prepare a way or us and to point us towards the kingdom of
God. As Charles Williams wrote,
"The order of purging is according to
the seven deadly sins of the formal tradition of the Church. The Church is not
a way for the soul to escape hell but to become heaven; it is virtues rather
than sins which we must remember." (The Figure of Beatrice, p. 157)
Still,
we should not be complacent about the warning of judgment that we have in
scripture. It is a warning that comes from Jesus. It would be a mistake to
assume that God is just such a nice guy that he could never really judge us
severely. Or that he merely says, “All-y, all-y, in come free!” While it is
possible to make too much of hell, it is also possible to make too little. The
judgment is real. There is no room for complacency.
Jesus
is instructive. Asked a theoretical question in Luke 13 about how many will be
saved, Jesus, as is his wont, refused to get into the theoretical or
speculative. Instead, Jesus’ answer to the question makes it personal. “Don’t
worry about how few or how many make it to heaven. If it ends up that only a
few get in, that is God’s business. If it turns out that God, in his incredible
grace and mercy, makes a way for all to enter, that also is God’s business.”
Jesus says, “You strive to enter through the narrow door.” He makes it
personal. Don’t worry about the particulars of what it’s like. Don’t worry
about who else is in or out. You
strive to enter the narrow door. Choose today who is your Precious.
Our
choices matter in the short run and in the long run. We can choose wrongly. We
can choose that which will warp us. It does matter how we live. It is not a
matter of indifference whether we live lives of self-giving love or lives of
self-absorption. We can choose our Precious, and in the end God may just allow
us to live with whatever has been truly precious to ourselves – eternally.
Our choice of what (or who) is our
Precious will ultimately either mold us into something glorious or warp
us into something terrible. That molding or warping begins now and
continues eternally.
C.
S. Lewis says much the same thing in his essay, The Weight of Glory:
It is a serious thing to live in a society of
possible gods and goddesses, to remember that the dullest most uninteresting
person you talk to may one day be a creature which, if you say it now, you
would be strongly tempted to worship, or else a horror and a corruption such as
you now meet, if at all, only in a nightmare. All day long we are, in some
degree helping each other to one or the other of these destinations. It is in
the light of these overwhelming possibilites, it is with the awe and the
circumspection proper to them, that we should conduct all of our dealings with
one another, all friendships, all loves, all play, all politics. There are no
ordinary people. You have never talked to a mere mortal. Nations, cultures,
arts, civilizations – these are mortal, and their life is to ours as the life
of a gnat. But it is immortals whom we joke with, work with, marry, snub, and
exploit – immortal horrors or everlasting splendors.
The
Christian conviction is that Jesus also matters. Jesus did not come to scare
the hell out of us; instead he came to show us what is eternally Precious.
Indeed, he came to be our Precious. Our problem is, among other things, that
we, in our sinfulness and our ignorance, find it difficult to recognize or
receive what is truly Precious. There are many things vying to be our Precious.
Jesus comes to break into our willfulness and ignorance and say; “I am your
Precious. I am the way to all that is precious.”
But
more than just showing us what our Precious is, Jesus frees us to pursue it.
Our problem is more profound than just ignorance. We are born addicted, like
crack babies, to things that are not our true Precious. Jesus Christ, on the
cross and in his resurrection, breaks the bondage of that addiction, frees us
to choose our true Precious – to choose
him. Jesus is our Precious.
Being
a hopeful universalist*, I still hope that (back to the analogy) maybe even
Gollum, isolated and alone on the island at the dark and lonely center of the
mountain, is not completely abandoned. Perhaps Jesus is still sitting beside
him saying, “Smeagol, come back. Repent.” Maybe that’s what it means when we
claim Jesus descended into hell. I hope that Dante was wrong when he wrote that
over the gates of hell it reads, “Abandon all hope you who enter here.” I
wonder if the God we know in Jesus Christ ever completely abandons hope. Is it
possible that not even hell is God-forsaken?
The warning is real. The promise is also real. Our hope is real. In Hebrews we read that we have received a kingdom that cannot be shaken and therefore we do not need to be morbidly fearful of hell. We can give thanks. But in reverence and in awe, because we remember that our God is a consuming fire. Our choices matter. Jesus comes to us day by day, comes to us today, and says, “Choose today to enter in through the narrow door. Choose today who is your Precious.”
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